What invalidates the fast?

Not every event that befalls the fasting person has one ruling. The scholars distinguish between deliberateness, forgetfulness, compulsion and ignorance, between what reaches the inside and what does not, and between old forms and contemporary issues.

These are among the best-known invalidators if they occur deliberately with remembrance and choice. There are details in making up and expiation that differ according to the act and the situation.

Injections, sprays, endoscopies, kidney dialysis and others are issues whose rulings differ according to their reality and manner of use; so a reliable scholarly body should be asked about them.