How does the sick person pray if unable to stand?
Short answer
The sick person prays standing if able; if unable, sitting; if unable, on his side; if he cannot, lying on his back; and he performs the acts of the prayer as far as he is able.
Evidence and explanation
The Shaykh cited the hadith of 'Imran ibn Husayn, may Allah be pleased with him: “Pray standing; if you cannot, then sitting; if you cannot, then on your side.”
Scholar referenced
This editorial summary is based on the original source linked below and is not presented as a verbatim quotation from the scholar.
From the text of the answer (Arabic, with an English translation)
Original answer — Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Baz
كيف يصلي المريض؟ — فتوى ١٦٨٢٢- Question
«بهذا يا سماحة الشيخ نسأل ونقول: المريض كيف يصلي؟»
English translation (unreviewed): With this, your eminence, we ask and say: How does a sick person pray?
- From the text of the answer
«المريض يصلي قائمًا إن قدر في الفريضة، فإن عجز صلى قاعدًا، فإن عجز صلى على جنبه، فإن لم يستطع فمستلقيًا، سئل النبي عن هذا عليه الصلاة والسلام قال له عمران: يا رسول الله! ذكر أن به بواسير وأنه تشق عليه الصلاة قائمًا قال: صل قائمًا، فإن لم تستطع فقاعدًا، فإن لم تستطع فعلى جنب، فإن لم تستطع فمستلقيًا هذا في الفريضة، أما النافلة فلا بأس إذا صلى قاعدًا ولو أنه قادر لا حرج لكن الصلاة وهو قائم أفضل، وإذا صلى قاعدًا في النافلة وهو يقدر يكون على النصف له نصف الأجر.»
English translation (unreviewed): The sick person prays standing if he is able, in the obligatory prayer; if he is unable he prays sitting; if unable, on his side; if he cannot, lying on his back. The Prophet was asked about this, peace be upon him; 'Imran said to him: O Messenger of Allah, he mentioned that he has haemorrhoids and that prayer standing is hard on him. He said: “Pray standing; if you cannot, then sitting; if you cannot, then on your side; if you cannot, then lying on your back.” This is in the obligatory prayer. As for the voluntary prayer, there is no harm if he prays sitting even though he is able; no blame; but praying standing is better, and if he prays sitting in the voluntary prayer while able, he has half, he has half the reward.
The Arabic excerpts matched the original page word for word by an automated check and have not had human scholarly review. The English translations are unreviewed translations made for this site; they are not an approved Shari‘ah translation. Rely on the Arabic original.
Source
How does the sick person pray?
Title of the original page (Arabic): كيف يصلي المريض؟
Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Baz, may Allah have mercy on him